Having studying intraspecific type of recombination speed during the maize, we composed a couple 50 % of-sib boards, you to getting Dent and one getting Flint inbred traces. Drop and you will Flint are two maize gene pools which might be essential to possess hybrid reproduction in the Europe . The two 50 % of-sib panels made up a maximum of twenty four full-sib parents. The new Dent panel comprises ten crosses off a central Damage inbred range (F353) with diverse Dent inventor inbreds of one’s Eu Dent gene pond that have been developed in Europe and you can North america. Regarding Flint committee a main Flint inbred line (UH007) was crossed so you’re able to eleven naturally varied Flint originator inbreds of one’s Eu Flint reproduction matter. Brand new Flint originator outlines result from early maize introductions to help you The country of spain including out-of very-named North Flints off France and Germany. Likewise, a couple of mutual crosses between the two main Damage and you will Flint contours had been assessed and also in for every single panel that get across for the United states Reduction line B73 is incorporated given that a connection to the us nested relationship mapping (NAM) inhabitants .
Here, we report on the analysis of the variation of recombination rate in 23 populations of maize using SNPs from the MaizeSNP50 BeadChip . All populations consist of doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained by in vivo haploid induction . DH lines produced with this method reflect female meiosis. Unlike F2 or RILs, DH lines have the great advantage that the genetic information of each gamete is directly observed. Our objectives were to analyze intraspecific variation for (1) GWRR and chromosome-wide recombination rate, (2) recombination landscape along chromosomes, and (3) CO interference, using high-density genetic linkage maps. We found significant differences of GWRR between individual populations as well as between Dent ? Dent versus Flint ? Flint populations, but not between the Dent and Flint gene pools in general. GWRR was not correlated with the genetic structure of the lines as inferred from admixture analysis. We analyzed the recombination landscapes in all populations and found significant differences between individual populations and between pools. Finally, we characterized quantitatively the interfering and non-interfering CO formation pathways and found a negative correlation over all chromosomes between serwis randkowy amateurmatch interference intensity of pathway P1 and GWRR.
Abilities
We constructed two half-sib panels comprising a total of 24 maize full-sib families of DH lines for the analysis of intraspecific variation of recombination rates. The full-sib families within the two panels represent the diversity of important founder lines of the European Dent and Flint germplasm, respectively (Table 1; Additional file 1). In the Dent panel (prefix CFD), all full-sib families have the same common parental line F353 which was crossed to diverse Dent founder lines. The common parent of the Flint full-sib families (prefix CFF) is line UH007, which was crossed to diverse Flint founder lines. 1 plants for in vivo haploid induction, so our maps reflect only female meioses. Details on the diversity analysis of the parental lines are given in Additional file 2.
In every crosses, new haploid inducer range was applied because male father or mother whenever crossed to the F
Since the a primary help the analysis out-of recombination, private hereditary charts have been constructed having 23 from the twenty-four populations and every of your own 10 chromosomes. Chart analytics are supplied from inside the Dining table step 1 with facts inside the Additional document step 3, and done set of marker ranks in all charts which have the fresh raw segregation info is considering inside Even more file 4. In total, 39,439 SNPs of one’s MaizeSNP50 range could well be mapped inside at the very least that inhabitants. Overall populations, as much as 33,884 COs was basically found in dos,233 female meioses and you may, an average of, eleven,988 SNPs had been mapped in one single provided people. The common getting Dent ? Reduction populations (all of the CFD except CFD01) is 13,247 indicators mapped and Flint ? Flint communities (the CFF except CFF01 and you will CFF02) the typical try nine,874. To have populace CFF05, which manufactured only 34 DHs, zero secure map could be gotten. The total duration of genetic maps varied from one,180 centiMorgan (cM) for the society CFD05 to one,893 cM inside CFF03 with an indicate of just one,508 ± 185 cM (indicate ± basic deviation). The average genetic chart duration in the 10 Reduction ? Reduction communities (CFD02 so you’re able to CFD12) is step one,353 ± 99 cM, because the eleven hereditary maps of Flint ? Flint communities (CFF03 in order to CFF15) were, normally, longer at the step 1,645 ± 154 cM. The 3 maps from crosses anywhere between Drop and you will Flint mothers (CFD01, CFF01, CFF02) had an advanced mediocre amount of step one,570 ± 85 cM. The most significant pit within the a hereditary map was 53.seven cM on long arm out-of chromosome 7 (7L) into the populace CFF13, where no SNPs was indeed polymorphic between the mothers, probably due to name-by-origin (IBD). Facts about genome-wider variety and you can IBD places between mothers of the mapping communities have been in Even more document 2. Synteny and you may colinearity of the hereditary maps try weighed against the brand new B73 AGPv2 genome set up. Typically, a leading arrangement was located, proving the new higher surface of marker acquisition across the populations, that have partners conditions because the described for the Most file 2.